Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS): It’s Symptoms, Treatment, and Management

Multiple Sclerosis(MS) is a non communicable disease.It is a disease of the central nervous system.It includes the brain and spinal cord.In MS,the immune system attacks the nerve fibers.The covering known as myelin is the protective shield.This leads to communication problems between the brain and the other parts of the body.This can lead to permanent damage to nerves.

What are the Effects of Multiple Sclerosis?

The effects of MS can vary among peoples.There are cases where people may experience a few symptoms and continue their daily activities with little disturbance.But there are severe cases that result in very serious complications,such as:

  • Movement issues:Muscle may weaken and problems in balancing.
  • Numbness and tingling feeling:These feelings often occur in the limbs or face.
  • Exhaustion:low energy or fatigue are the most common symptoms.
  • Vision problems:Blurred or double vision.Even temporary blindness in one eye,may occur.
  • Cognitive dysfunction:this affects memory,attention,and the ability to process information.
  • Emotional changes:Depression,mood swings,or anxiety are common.

Some individuals may experience zero symptoms for a long period.While others conditions may worsen.

Symptoms of MS

It affects the ages between 20 and 40.But It can develop at any age.Signs at the Early stage may go unnoticed or be mistaken for other conditions.

Symptoms are:

  • Weakness in one or more limbs
  • Numbness
  • Partial or complete loss of vision.
  • Pain in different parts of the body.
  • Tremors,
  • Unsteadiness
  • Non-coordination.
  • Difficulties in speech and dizziness.
  • Problems with bowel and bladder function.
  • Fatigue

Symptoms may oscillate( come and go) (this is relapse-remitting MS).They may help progress over time (primary progressive MS).

What are the Treatments of Multiple Sclerosis?

There is no cure for MS till today.But today’s health industry has found several treatments and therapies that can help manage symptoms of MS. 

  • Disease modifying therapies(DMTs):

This includes the use of medications like oral or infusion drugs and work by modifying the immune response .

  • Corticosteroids:

These are drugs that help to reduce swelling.They shorten the duration of acute attacks.

  •  Plasma exchange :

This may help patients with severe MS outburst,when other treatments are ineffective.

Management of MS

As said in the above context there is no cure for MS but there is treatment.One can Manage MS by involving a combination of various medical treatments.Modifying lifestyle and use supportive therapies such as-

  • Physical therapy:

Exercising on a daily basis can help strengthen muscles.It helps to improve balance,and maintain body movements.

  • Occupational therapy:

It’s very helpful to patients with multiple sclerosis.It helps them to adapt to their daily activities.

  • Psychological support:

Counseling and supporting groups may be very helpful in dealing with the emotional impact of MS.

  • Healthy lifestyle:

Eating a well balanced diet and exercising daily can be very helpful.Having proper sleep, and stress management are crucial for well-being.

  • Assistive devices:

Devices such as canes,walkers,or wheelchairs help in independent movement for those with movement challenges.

Conclusion

Multiple Sclerosis is a life-changing non communicable condition.But With early diagnosis and treatment it may help in management.Today there is advancement in treatment.Which helps improving the point of view for individuals affected by this disease.